Type of Injury and Cause	Who is at Risk	Risk*	Severity of Injury	How to Prevent
Concrete splashing into eyes from the end hose	Concrete Crew	H	Low	Goggles must be worn
Concrete burns to hands and feet	Concrete Crew	L	Medium to Severe	Gloves, safety boots and barrier cream must be worn
Falls or injury to hands, arms, ankles, legs etc from falling on mesh	Concrete Crew / Pump Operator	M	Medium to Severe	Plywood sheets must be provided on mesh in the laying area
Back injury due to moving ground pipes	Concrete Crew / Pump Operator	M	Medium to Severe	Use of ropes and good manual handling practices to be adopted
High pressure concrete and aggregate going into eyes, face or any exposed skin due to standing or working in front of end hose, or opening up pipe joints when pumping	Concrete Crew Persons working around concreting area General Public	M/H	Severe – can result in loss of sight	Concrete Crew should wear a safety helmet, safety footwear, impervious gloves / gauntlets, high impact goggles and high visibility clothing. Until concrete is flowing smoothly out of the end of the delivery hose, or when a blockage occurs in the boom pipeline, all personnel should remain clear of the delivery hose and placing boom. Under no circumstances should any unauthorised personnel attempt to open the pipeline. All unnecessary personnel including the general public should be kept well away from the concreting area inc lower floors and staircases.
Head injury from suspended hoses from boom	Concrete Crew	L	Medium to Severe (possible death)	Move away from end hose during boom movement. Concrete Crew to be alert
Broken limbs, severe injury caused by whiplash of placing hoses.	Concrete Crew	L	Severe or death	Do not kink placing hoses in the ground line. Do not attempt to pump very old concrete or concrete other than a pump mix. . The danger zone is the area around the end hose in which it can strike out. The diameter of the zone is twice the length of the end hose
Injury from splash due to blow back from concrete pump hopper	Truck Mixer Drivers	L	Eye injuries possible	Keep hopper full and inform mixer driver of risk
Crushing when mixer truck is backing onto the pump hopper	Person backing truck mixer into pump hopper	L	Severe or death	High visibility clothing must be worn and do not back truck on out of view of mixer driver who will be reversing using mirrors. Keep site personnel out of reversing area.

 *H = High M = Medium L = Low